West Jefferson is a village in Madison County, Ohio, United States. The population was 4,222 at the 2010 census. Located along U.S. Route 40, the village has a fairly close relationship with the surrounding township, which include various out-of-corporation-limit neighborhoods. The village has a "Commerce Park" at its western edge which includes a Target Distribution Center, a Krazy Glue factory, and Jefferson Industries.West Jefferson was originally called New Hampton, and under the latter name was platted c. 1831. A post office called West Jefferson has been in operation since 1833.West Jefferson is located at 39°56′36″N 83°16′33″W / 39.94333°N 83.27583°W / 39.94333; -83.27583.According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.87 square miles, of which 4.85 square miles is land and 0.02 square miles is water.As of the census of 2010, there were 4,222 people, 1,617 households, and 1,149 families residing in the village. The population density was 870.